Train a theme

Motifs

Hanging pieces Spot and grab pieces left undefended. Forks Attack two pieces at once so your opponent can only save one. Exposed king Punish a king with no pawn shelter. Skewers Attack a valuable piece so it has to move and leave the piece behind it hanging. Discovered attacks Move one piece out of the way to unleash an attack from another. Sacrifices Give up material to get something better in return. Quiet moves Find the strong move that isn’t a check or capture. Deflection Lure a defender away from the square or piece it protects. Kingside attacks Break through on the side where the king castled. Pins Freeze a piece that can’t move without exposing something more valuable behind it. Interference Block the line between an enemy piece and what it defends. Defensive moves Find the only move that saves the position. Advanced pawns Use a pawn on the doorstep of promotion. Clearance Move a piece out of the way to open a line or square for another. Queenside attacks Attack a king that castled queenside. Attraction Force an enemy piece onto a square where it can be attacked. Attacking f2 and f7 Hit the weakest square in the starting position. Trapped pieces Cut off a piece’s escape squares and win it. In-between moves Insert a surprising zwischenzug before the expected reply. Discovered checks Uncover a check by moving the piece that blocks it, often winning material. Removing the defender Capture the piece holding the defence together. Double checks Check with two pieces at once. The king must move. Zugzwang Put your opponent in a spot where every move makes things worse. X-ray attacks Attack or defend a square through an enemy piece. Collinear moves Slide a piece along the same line it already controls to great effect.

Checkmates

Checkmate Finish the game with a forced mate. Mate in 2 Force checkmate in two moves. Mate in 1 Find the one move that ends the game. Smothered mates Mate with a knight when the king is boxed in by its own pieces. Mate in 3 Calculate a forced mate three moves deep. Corner mates Trap the king in the corner with rook and knight. Opera mates Rook mates on the back rank backed by a bishop, as in Morphy’s famous Opera Game. Swallow’s tail mates Queen mates with the king’s escape squares blocked behind it. Arabian mate Rook and knight team up in the corner. Mate in 4 A longer forced mate. Calculate carefully. Epaulette mates The king is flanked by its own pieces like shoulder pads. Vuković mates Rook and knight mate with the king on the edge. Pillsbury’s mates Rook and bishop strike a castled king. Back-rank mates Checkmate a king trapped behind its own pawns. Hook mates Rook, knight and pawn combine to trap the king. Dovetail mates Queen mate where the king’s own pieces block its escape. Triangle mates Queen and rook form a triangle around the king. Morphy’s mates Bishop and rook trap the king in the corner. Kill box mates Rook and queen form a box around the king. Blind swine mates Two rooks on the 7th rank devour the king. Anastasia’s mate Knight and rook (or queen) trap the king on the edge. Boden’s mate Two bishops on crossing diagonals mate a castled king. Double bishop mates Two bishops on adjacent diagonals deliver mate. Mate in 5 or more Long, forcing mating combinations. Balestra mates Bishop and queen pin the king to the edge.